Understand that a subsystem is a system that operates as part of a larger system.

Describe how technologies are often combined.

Explain how the design process is a purposeful method of planning practical solutions to problems.

Identify how invention and innovation are creative ways to turn ideas into real things.

Explain the concept of a cell as the basic unit of life.

Compare and contrast plant and animal cells.

• Understand how theories are developed.
• Identify questions that can be answered through scientific investigations and evaluate the appropriateness of questions.
• Design and conduct a scientific investigation and understand that current scientific knowledge guides scientific investigations.
• Describe relationships using inference and prediction.
• Use appropriate tools and technologies to gather, analyze, and interpret data and understand that it enhances accuracy and allows scientists to analyze and quantify results of investigations.
•  Develop descriptions, explanations, and models using evidence and understand that these emphasize evidence, have logically consistent arguments, and are based on scientific principles, models, and theories.
• Analyze alternative explanations and understanding that science advances through legitimate skepticism.
• Use mathematics in all aspects of scientific inquiry.
• Understand that scientific investigations may result in new ideas for study, new methods, or procedures for an investigation or new technologies to improve data collection.

Demonstrate how electrical circuits provide a means of transferring electrical energy when heat, light, sound, and chemical changes are produced.

Demonstrate how electromagnets can be made and used.

Compare the characteristics of sound as it is transmitted through different materials.

Relate the rate of vibration to the pitch of the sound.

• Understand how theories are developed.
• Identify questions that can be answered through scientific investigations and evaluate the appropriateness of questions.
• Design and conduct a scientific investigation and understand that current scientific knowledge guides scientific investigations.
• Describe relationships using inference and prediction.
• Use appropriate tools and technologies to gather, analyze, and interpret data and understand that it enhances accuracy and allows scientists to analyze and quantify results of investigations.
• Develop descriptions, explanations, and models using evidence and understand that these emphasize evidence, have logically consistent arguments, and are based on scientific principles, models, and theories.
• Analyze alternative explanations and understanding that science advances through legitimate skepticism.
• Use mathematics in all aspects of scientific inquiry.
• Understand that scientific investigations may result in new ideas for study, new methods, or procedures for an investigation or new technologies to improve data collection.

Describe how the use of symbols, measurements, and drawings promotes clear communication by providing a common language to express ideas.